Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition with many different neurological and psychosocial manifestations. People with autism can be found in all walks of life, and occupational therapy can play a key role in helping them cope with everyday sensory challenges and engage with their environment in a more positive way.
The experienced occupational therapy team at JAG Physical Therapy provides customized plans to help every patient with ASD reach their goals and thrive at school, at work, and in their personal lives. Through hands-on methods and professional guidance, we help people with autism at any age approach their pursuits well-equipped for success. Schedule an appointment with us now at one of our NY, NJ, or CT locations or read further below on ways occupational therapy can be useful for people with autism.
How Can Occupational Therapy Benefit Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder?
Individuals with ASD process sensory information differently, which impacts the way they experience social interactions, learning, and physical movement. Sometimes, people with autism experience hypersensitivity. When faced with too much information to process, the nervous system can become overwhelmed, unorganized, and fatigued, leading to stress, anxiety, and impaired performance in daily activities. Occupational therapy provides strategies for sensory regulation and adaptation in case of sensory overload. It also includes solutions for addressing specific challenges, such as help with:
- Fine motor skills, such as writing with a pen or folding origami
- Daily living skills, like getting dressed or eating a meal
- Learning skills, including problem-solving and reading
- Socialization skills, like participating in discussions or collaborating at work
- Muscular skills, such as walking, balancing, and running
What Types of Interventions Are Utilized in ASD Occupational Therapy?
Using occupational therapy to help with autism spectrum disorder can involve a range of activities and strategies. An occupational therapist will utilize modalities that are most suited to the individual based on their age and specific needs.
For example, young children with autism may use sensory integration activities like water play, sensory bins, or jumping on a trampoline to help regulate their attention, arousal levels, and emotions. Meanwhile, adults with ASD may benefit from activities like yoga, pottery, and dancing, depending on their interests.
One of the most commonly used interventions for ASD in occupational therapy is a sensory diet. This strategy involves creating a set of activities that stimulate arousal and induce relaxation. An individual with autism can use the different activities in their personalized sensory diet throughout the day to prevent burnout and overload and help them feel more balanced and in-control.
Some simple activities, focused on different senses, a therapist might include in a sensory diet for autism include the following:
- Breathing exercises
- Fidget toys
- Listening to music
- Walking outdoors
- Raking leaves
- Chewing gum
Another effective intervention used in occupational therapy is the sensory circuit. An occupational therapist will develop a customized set of activities to perform before school or work. A circuit session will have three types of activities:
- Alerting exercises, such as jumping jacks or spinning
- Organizing exercises, such as juggling or balancing on a wobble board
- Calming pressure-based exercises, such as lifting weights, using a tension band, or doing push-ups
A sensory circuit helps to increase focus before an activity, like school or a task at work. This technique can help individuals learn, socialize, and participate with others without feeling overwhelmed.
What Are the Benefits of Occupational Therapy for People with Autism?
Occupational therapy can improve fine motor skills, balance, posture, social skills, and concentration, allowing individuals with ASD to more easily manage everyday life. By taking part in occupational therapy, both children and adults with autism can be better equipped to cope with sensory stimulation.
OT can also teach people the skills and strategies they need to recognize when they’re starting to feel out of control. By implementing these methods, they can feel less stressed, less anxious, and more prepared to engage in life’s joys and challenges.
Explore ASD Support at JAG Physical Therapy
If you or a loved one has autism spectrum disorder, JAG Physical Therapy’s specialized ASD support programs can help. Our expert occupational therapists will create a personalized plan that aligns with your lifestyle, goals, and needs. Book an appointment today at your nearest JAG PT location or contact us now for more details.